Biodiversity Catalog of Southwest Virginia
Molluscs and Crustaceans
Freshwater Mussels
Freshwater Mussel Taxonomy:
Kingdom Animalia; Phylum Mollusca; Class Bivalvia; Order Unionoida; Family Unionidae
B=Buchanan
D=Dickenson
R=Russell
T=Tazewell
| Thumbnail | Scientific Name | Common Name | Stream | County |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Actinonaias ligamentina | Mucket | Clinch R. | R | |
| Actinonaias pectorosa | Pheasantshell | Clinch R. | R, T | |
| Alasmidonta marginata | Elktoe | Clinch R. | R | |
| Alasmidonta viridus | Slippershell | Big Moccasin Cr.; Copper Cr.; Clinch R. | R | |
| Amblema plicata | Threeridge | Clinch R. | R | |
| Cyclonaias Tuberculata | Purple Wartyback | Clinch R. | R | |
| Elliptio Dilatata | Spike | Clinch R. | R | |
| Epioblasma capsaeformis | Oystermussel | Clinch R. | R | |
| Epioblasma florentina walkeri | Tan Riffleshell | Indian Cr. | T | |
| Fusconaia barnesiana | Tennessee Pigtoe | Copper Cr.; Big Moccasin Cr.; Clinch R.; Plum Cr.; Cavitts Cr.; North Fork Clinch R.; South Fork Clinch R. | R, T | |
| Fusconaia cor | Shiny Pigtoe | Clinch R. | R | |
| Fusconaia cuneolus | Finerayed Pigtoe | Clinch R. | R | |
| Fusconaia subrotunda | Longsolid | Clinch R. | R | |
| Lampsilis fasciola | Wavyrayed Lampmussel | Big Moccasin Cr.; Clinch R. | R, T | |
| Lampsilis fasciola | Wavyrayed Lampmussel | Copper Cr.; Big Moccasin Cr.; Clinch R. | R, T | |
| Lampsilis ovata | Pocketbook | Clinch R. | R | |
| Lasmigona costata | Flutedshell | Clinch R. | R | |
| Lasmigona holstonia | Tennessee Heelsplitter | Plum Cr.; Cavitts Cr; North Fork Clinch R.; South Fork Clinch R.; Clinch R.; | T | |
| Lexingtonia dolabelloides | Slabside Pearlymussel | Big Moccasin Cr.; Clinch R. | R | |
| Ligumia recta | Black Sandshell | Clinch R. | R | |
| Medionidus conradicus | Cumberland Moccasinshell | Copper Cr.; Big Moccasin Cr.; Clinch R.; Cavitts Cr. | R, T | |
| Pegias fabula | Littlewing Pearlymussel | Clinch R. | T | |
| Pleurobema oviforme | Tennessee Clubshell | Copper Cr.; Big Moccasin Cr.; Clinch R.; Plum Cr. | R, T | |
| Potamilus alatus | Pink Heelsplitter | Clinch R. | R | |
| Ptychobranchus fasciolaris | Kidneyshell | Clinch R. | R, T | |
| Ptychobranchus subtentum | Fluted Kidneyshell | Clinch R. | R, T | |
| Quadrula cylindrica strigillata | Rough Rabbitsfoot | Clinch R. | R, T | |
| Quadrula sparsa | Appalachian Monkeyface | Clinch R. | R | |
| Villosa iris | Rainbow Mussel | Copper Cr.; Clinch R.; Plum Cr.; Deskin Cr.; Cavitts Cr.; Linconshire Br.; North Fork Clinch R.; South Fork Clinch R. | R, T | |
| Villosa nebulosa | Alabama Rainbow | Big Moccasin Cr.; | R | |
| Villosa perpurpurea | Purple Bean | Clinch R. | R, T | |
| Villosa vanuxemensis | Mountain Creekshell | Clinch R. | R, T | |
| Villosa vanuxemi | Big Moccasin Cr. | R |
Snails
Snail Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia; Phylum Mollusca; Class Gastropoda
Order Basommatophora
| Thumbnail | Family | Scientific Name | Common Name | Stream | County |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physidae | Physa gyrina | Lewis Creek, West Fork Big Creek, Little Cedar Creek and Clinch River – tributaries of Clinch River | R, T |
Order Neotaenioglossa
| Thumbnail | Family | Scientific Name | Common Name | Stream | County |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pleuriceridae | Leptoxis praerosa | Mainstream River Snail; Onyx Rocksnail | Clinch River | R | |
| Pleuroceridae | Io fluvialis | Spiny Riversnail | Clinch River | R | |
| Pleuroceridae | Pleurocera clavaeformis (or Goniobasis clavaeformis or Elimia clavaeformis) | Club Elimia | Indian Creek, Clinch River, Little River, Copper Creek and Big Cedar Creek – tributaries of Clinch River | R, T | |
| Pleuroceridae | Pleurocera simplex (or Goniobasis simplex or Elimia simplex) | Smooth Elimia | Lewis Creek, South Fork Clinch, Maiden Spring Creek, Little River, Elk Garden Creek, Little Cedar Creek, Big Cedar Creek and Hogwallow Branch – tributaries of Clinch River | R, T |
Crayfish
Crayfish Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia; Phylum Arthropoda; Class Malacostraca
| Thumbnail | Family | Scientific Name | Common Name | County |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cambaridae | Cambarus (C.) angularis | None | R,T | |
| Cambaridae | Cambarus (H.) longirostris | None | R,T | |
| Cambaridae | Cambarus bartoni | Appalachian Brook Crayfish | T | |
| Cambaridae | Cambarus dubius | Upland Burrowing Crayfish | D, T | |
| Cambaridae | Cambarus longirostris | None | R,T | |
| Cambaridae | Orconectes (C.) erichsonianus | None | R | |
| Cambaridae | Orconectes (P.) spinosus | None | R,T |
Gastropods
Gastropod Taxonomy
Kingdom Anamalia; Phylum Mollusca; Class Gastropoda
| Thumbnail | Family | Scientific Name | Common Name | County | Wtrbdy/Dr |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Viviparidae | Campeloma decisum | Pointed Campeloma | R | Little R | |
| Pleuroceridae | Io fluvialis | Spiny Riversnail | R | Clinch R, Little R | |
| Polygyridae | Mesodon appressus | Flat Bladetooth | D | ||
| Polygyridae | Mesodon inflectus | Shagreen | R | ||
| Polygyridae | Triodopsis tridentata | Northern Three Tooth | T |
Copepods
Copepod Taxonomy
Kingdom Anamalia; Phylum Arthropoda; Class Maxillopoda
| Thumbnail | Family | Scientific Name | Common Name | County |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cyclopidae | Acanthocyclops exilis | None | Russell | |
| Cyclopidae | Paracyclops poppei | None | Russell | |
| Canthocamptidae | Bryocamptus (Limocamptus) nivalis | None | Russell | |
| Canthocamptidae | Bryocamptus zschokkei | None | Russell |
Sources:
Dillon Jr, R. T., & Robinson, J. D. (2007). The Goniobasis (“Elimia”) of southwest Virginia, I. Population Genetic Survey.
Duncan, A. E., Ferraro, J. J., & Watson, B. T. (2010). Freshwater Mussel Survey of Cleveland Island, Clinch River, Virginia: Augmentation Monitoring Site: 2008.
Ferraro, J. J., Watson, B. T., & Wood, A. E. (2009). Freshwater Mussel Survey of Three Sites at Cedar Bluff, Clinch River, Virginia: Augmentation Monitoring Sites-2007.
Hanlon, S. D., Petty, M. A., & Neves, R. J. (2009). Status of native freshwater mussels in Copper Creek, Virginia. Southeastern Naturalist, 8(1), 1-18.
Jones, J. W., Neves, R. J., Patterson, M. A., Good, C. R., & DiVittorio, A. (2001). A status survey of freshwater mussel populations in the upper Clinch River, Tazewell County, Virginia. Banisteria, 17, 20-30.
Neves, R. J., & Zale, A. V. (1982). Freshwater mussels (Unionidae) of Big Moccasin Creek, southwestern Virginia. Nautilus, 96(2), 52-54.
Tan Riffleshell Epioblasma florentina walkeri 5-year review: Summary and Evaluation (2013)
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