Animalia – Invertebrates; Molluscs, Crustaceans and other invertebrates

Biodiversity Catalog of Southwest Virginia

Molluscs and Crustaceans

Freshwater Mussels

Freshwater Mussel Taxonomy:
Kingdom Animalia;  Phylum Mollusca;  Class Bivalvia;  Order Unionoida; Family Unionidae

B=Buchanan

D=Dickenson

R=Russell

T=Tazewell

Thumbnail	Scientific Name	Common Name	Stream	County
	Actinonaias ligamentina	Mucket	Clinch R.	R
	Actinonaias pectorosa	Pheasantshell	Clinch R.	R, T
	Alasmidonta marginata	Elktoe	Clinch R.	R
	Alasmidonta viridus	Slippershell	Big Moccasin Cr.; Copper Cr.; Clinch R.	R
	Amblema plicata	Threeridge	Clinch R.	R
	Cyclonaias Tuberculata	Purple Wartyback	Clinch R.	R
	Elliptio Dilatata	Spike	Clinch R.	R
	Epioblasma capsaeformis	Oystermussel	Clinch R.	R
	Epioblasma florentina walkeri	Tan Riffleshell	Indian Cr.	T
	Fusconaia barnesiana	Tennessee Pigtoe	Copper Cr.; Big Moccasin Cr.; Clinch R.; Plum Cr.; Cavitts Cr.; North Fork Clinch R.; South Fork Clinch R.	R, T
	Fusconaia cor	Shiny Pigtoe	Clinch R.	R
	Fusconaia cuneolus	Finerayed Pigtoe	Clinch R.	R
	Fusconaia subrotunda	Longsolid	Clinch R.	R
	Lampsilis fasciola	Wavyrayed Lampmussel	Big Moccasin Cr.; Clinch R.	R, T
	Lampsilis fasciola	Wavyrayed Lampmussel	Copper Cr.; Big Moccasin Cr.; Clinch R.	R, T
	Lampsilis ovata	Pocketbook	Clinch R.	R
	Lasmigona costata	Flutedshell	Clinch R.	R
	Lasmigona holstonia	Tennessee Heelsplitter	Plum Cr.; Cavitts Cr; North Fork Clinch R.; South Fork Clinch R.; Clinch R.;	T
	Lexingtonia dolabelloides	Slabside Pearlymussel	Big Moccasin Cr.; Clinch R.	R
	Ligumia recta	Black Sandshell	Clinch R.	R
	Medionidus conradicus	Cumberland Moccasinshell	Copper Cr.; Big Moccasin Cr.; Clinch R.; Cavitts Cr.	R, T
	Pegias fabula	Littlewing Pearlymussel	Clinch R.	T
	Pleurobema oviforme	Tennessee Clubshell	Copper Cr.; Big Moccasin Cr.; Clinch R.; Plum Cr.	R, T
	Potamilus alatus	Pink Heelsplitter	Clinch R.	R
	Ptychobranchus fasciolaris	Kidneyshell	Clinch R.	R, T
	Ptychobranchus subtentum	Fluted Kidneyshell	Clinch R.	R, T
	Quadrula cylindrica strigillata	Rough Rabbitsfoot	Clinch R.	R, T
	Quadrula sparsa	Appalachian Monkeyface	Clinch R.	R
	Villosa iris	Rainbow Mussel	Copper Cr.; Clinch R.; Plum Cr.; Deskin Cr.; Cavitts Cr.; Linconshire Br.; North Fork Clinch R.; South Fork Clinch R.	R, T
	Villosa nebulosa	Alabama Rainbow	Big Moccasin Cr.;	R
	Villosa perpurpurea	Purple Bean	Clinch R.	R, T
	Villosa vanuxemensis	Mountain Creekshell	Clinch R.	R, T
	Villosa vanuxemi		Big Moccasin Cr.	R

Snails

Snail Taxonomy

Kingdom Animalia;  Phylum Mollusca;  Class Gastropoda

Order Basommatophora

Thumbnail	Family	Scientific Name	Common Name	Stream	County
	Physidae	Physa gyrina		Lewis Creek, West Fork Big Creek, Little Cedar Creek and Clinch River – tributaries of Clinch River	R, T

Order Neotaenioglossa

Thumbnail	Family	Scientific Name	Common Name	Stream	County
	Pleuriceridae	Leptoxis praerosa	Mainstream River Snail; Onyx Rocksnail	Clinch River	R
	Pleuroceridae	Io fluvialis	Spiny Riversnail	Clinch River	R
	Pleuroceridae	Pleurocera clavaeformis (or Goniobasis clavaeformis or Elimia clavaeformis)	Club Elimia	Indian Creek, Clinch River, Little River, Copper Creek and Big Cedar Creek – tributaries of Clinch River	R, T
	Pleuroceridae	Pleurocera simplex (or Goniobasis simplex or Elimia simplex)	Smooth Elimia	Lewis Creek, South Fork Clinch, Maiden Spring Creek, Little River, Elk Garden Creek, Little Cedar Creek, Big Cedar Creek and Hogwallow Branch – tributaries of Clinch River	R, T

Crayfish

Crayfish Taxonomy

Kingdom Animalia; Phylum Arthropoda; Class Malacostraca

Thumbnail	Family	Scientific Name	Common Name	County
	Cambaridae	Cambarus (C.) angularis	None	R,T
	Cambaridae	Cambarus (H.) longirostris	None	R,T
	Cambaridae	Cambarus bartoni	Appalachian Brook Crayfish	T
	Cambaridae	Cambarus dubius	Upland Burrowing Crayfish	D, T
	Cambaridae	Cambarus longirostris	None	R,T
	Cambaridae	Orconectes (C.) erichsonianus	None	R
	Cambaridae	Orconectes (P.) spinosus	None	R,T

Gastropods

Gastropod Taxonomy

Kingdom Anamalia; Phylum Mollusca; Class Gastropoda

Thumbnail	Family	Scientific Name	Common Name	County	Wtrbdy/Dr
	Viviparidae	Campeloma decisum	Pointed Campeloma	R	Little R
	Pleuroceridae	Io fluvialis	Spiny Riversnail	R	Clinch R, Little R
	Polygyridae	Mesodon appressus	Flat Bladetooth	D
	Polygyridae	Mesodon inflectus	Shagreen	R
	Polygyridae	Triodopsis tridentata	Northern Three Tooth	T

Copepods

Copepod Taxonomy

Kingdom Anamalia; Phylum Arthropoda; Class Maxillopoda

Thumbnail	Family	Scientific Name	Common Name	County
	Cyclopidae	Acanthocyclops exilis	None	Russell
	Cyclopidae	Paracyclops poppei	None	Russell
	Canthocamptidae	Bryocamptus (Limocamptus) nivalis	None	Russell
	Canthocamptidae	Bryocamptus zschokkei	None	Russell

Sources:

Dillon Jr, R. T., & Robinson, J. D. (2007). The Goniobasis (“Elimia”) of southwest Virginia, I. Population Genetic Survey.

Duncan, A. E., Ferraro, J. J., & Watson, B. T. (2010). Freshwater Mussel Survey of Cleveland Island, Clinch River, Virginia: Augmentation Monitoring Site: 2008.

Ferraro, J. J., Watson, B. T., & Wood, A. E. (2009). Freshwater Mussel Survey of Three Sites at Cedar Bluff, Clinch River, Virginia: Augmentation Monitoring Sites-2007.

Hanlon, S. D., Petty, M. A., & Neves, R. J. (2009). Status of native freshwater mussels in Copper Creek, Virginia. Southeastern Naturalist, 8(1), 1-18.

Jones, J. W., Neves, R. J., Patterson, M. A., Good, C. R., & DiVittorio, A. (2001). A status survey of freshwater mussel populations in the upper Clinch River, Tazewell County, Virginia. Banisteria, 17, 20-30.

Neves, R. J., & Zale, A. V. (1982). Freshwater mussels (Unionidae) of Big Moccasin Creek, southwestern Virginia. Nautilus, 96(2), 52-54.

Tan Riffleshell Epioblasma florentina walkeri 5-year review: Summary and Evaluation (2013)

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